Beyond Mere Surviving: The role of host country support and gratitude in thriving during the pandemic.

While the ensuing COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered individuals' lives worldwide, it has been perhaps especially disruptive to the lives of sojourners as many have been unable to return home and are absent from their families, a familiar culture, and normal social support systems. While it is important to ask how such individuals can successfully survive in such a crisis, we were interested in extending our knowledge and understanding by asking "how can such individuals move beyond mere surviving to a state of thriving?" In answering this question, we utilized a positive psychology framework to develop a theoretical model wherein we expected higher/lower levels of perceived social support from host country people (i.e., host country support) to result in higher/lower levels of perceived gratitude, which would then result in higher/lower levels of thriving, and ethnocentrism moderated this indirect effect. To test our model, we utilized a sample of sojourners who responded to a survey measuring ethnocentrism (February 2020). We then administered daily surveys measuring perceived host country support, gratitude, and thriving over a nine-day period during the COVID-19 crisis (March 26-April 3, 2020). Results supported the indirect effect of host country support on thriving via gratitude. Further, we found that sojourners with lower levels of ethnocentrism exhibited stronger host country support- gratitude link, hence stronger indirect effect of host country support on thriving via gratitude. We close by offering implications for the existing literature, future research, and organizational practices.

You know where you can stick that ... or do you? Where to inject the deltoid and why

The COVID-19 pandemic has seen a huge increase in the number of intramuscular injections into the deltoid being administered. Alan Walker provides an overview of the anatomy of the deltoid and injection technique Intramuscular injection into the deltoid muscle is the mainstay of current vaccination practice. The COVID-19 pandemic has seen a huge surge in the number of injections to be administered, and recruitment of vaccinators from more widely differing backgrounds than has been customary. Incorrect technique can cause injury, so this article summarises present knowledge of the at-risk structures, and proposes a method of injection that reduces hazards. It aims to improve the knowledge of vaccinators, and especially their trainers.